Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) of Network

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a general term for a family of transmission technologies for delivery of voice communications over IP networks such as the Internet or other packet-switched networks. Other terms frequently encountered and synonymous with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VoBB), broadband telephony, and broadband phone.

For over a decade now the prospect of using the internet to carry voice calls has been ‘next years technology’. Although there has not yet been any revolution in the way we route our phone calls, a number of enabling technologies, services and providers are now in place which can finally deliver a reliable, high-quality solution at very low cost.Most businesses and individuals who are serious internet users now have un-timed and effectively un-limited connection to the internet. Users can spend all day downloading data from the other side of the world at no added cost. And yet, when those same users make a phone call they are charged by the minute, whether the call is local, national or international. In practice the data may well travel over exactly the same route, on the same wires, owned by the same people. Only the billing mechanism and price is different. Wouldn’t it be better for the end user if the telephone call went with the internet traffic with the attendant price saving?Another attractive application for many businesses would be to connect home workers and sub-offices. The only on-going cost at each site would be the charge for an always-on internet connection. The remote sites could use the internet connection to log-in to the main office network and also run their telephones as extensions to the main office phone system.

A third use of Voice-over-IP technology is to replace the expensive telephone system that most companies require. The idea is to use existing computer hardware such as servers and Ethernet cabling to handle telephone traffic. Telephone system functions such as call-transfer and hold could be handled by software and telephone devices could just be plugged into a network point instead of dedicated wiring.
The three applications outlined above can be summarised as:

1. Long-distance call routing.
2. Point-to-point connections.
3. In-house PBX systems.

Benefits VoIP

1. Lower cost for long distance connections. The main emphasis of VoIP is the cost. With two locations are connected to the internet then the cost becomes very low conversation.
2. Utilizing the data network infrastructure already exists for the vote. Useful if the company already has a network. Where possible the existing network of VoIP networks can be built easily. Not required additional monthly fee for adding voice communication.
3. Use a smaller bandwidth than ordinary telephone. With advances Technologi bandwidth usage for voice now becomes very small. Data compression technique allows voice only takes about 8kbps bandwidth.
4. Allows combined with the local telephone network that already exists. With a network of VoIP gateways can be connected with the existing PABX office. Communication between the office can use a regular telephone.
5. Various types of VoIP networks can be combined into a large network. Examples in Indonesia is a VoIP Merdeka.
6. Variations use of existing equipment, for example from a PC connect to regular phone, IP phone handsets
   

VoIP voice quality is influenced by several parameters of bandwidth, packet loss rate and delay time occurred in the network. Bandwidth capacity is the availability of network resources in the form of bandwidth used to transmit data packets. Packet loss level is a parameter that states the amount the rate of errors that occurred during packet data transmission path from sender to recipient. Time delay is a parameter that states the timeframe required to send packages from sender to receiver.