Wireless network technology

Wireless network technology is actually stretching ranging from voice communication to data networks, which allow users to establish a wireless connection at a certain distance. This includes infrared technology, radio frequency, and so forth. Devices commonly used for wireless networks including the computers, handheld computers, PDAs, mobile phones, tablet PCs and so forth. This wireless technology has so many uses. For example, mobile users can use their mobile phones to access e-mail. Meanwhile the travelers with laptops can connect to the internet when they are in airports, cafes, trains and other public places. At home, users can connect to their desktop (via Bluetooth) to synchronize with his PDA.
standardization
To reduce costs, ensure interoperability and promote the widespread adoption of wireless technology, then organizations such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU ) has participated in various standardization efforts. For example, the IEEE working group has defined how the information is transferred from one device to another device (using radio frequency or infrared, for example) and how and when a transmission medium should be used for communication purposes. When building standards for wireless networks, organizations such as the IEEE has also overcome the problem of power management, bandwidth, security and a variety of unique problems that exist in the world of wireless networks.
Types of Wireless Networks
Just as cable-based network, the wireless network can be classified into several different types based on the distances over which data can be transmitted.
Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs)
WWAN technology enables users to establish wireless connections over public or private networks. This connection can be made covering a very wide area, like a city or a country, through the use of multiple antennas or satellite system also organized by telecommunications service providers. WWAN technology currently known as 2G systems (second generation). The core of this 2G systems include the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Various efforts are being made to transition from 2G technology to 3G (third generation) that will soon become a global standard and has global roaming feature also. ITU is also actively involved in promoting the manufacture of a global standard for 3G technology.
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)
WLAN technology allows users to build a wireless network in a localized area (for example, within an office building environment, campus buildings or in public areas, such as airports or cafes). WLAN can be used in temporary offices or where permanent wiring installation is not allowed. Or WLAN sometimes constructed as a supplement to the existing LAN, so users can work on a variety of different locations within the building. WLAN can be operated in two ways. In infrastructure WLANs, wireless stations (devices with radio network cards or external modems) connected to a wireless access point that serves as a bridge between the stations and the network backbone available at that time. In WLAN environments that are peer-to-peer (ad hoc), multiple users within a limited area, such as meeting rooms, can form a temporary network without using an access point, if they do not need access to the resources the network.In 1997, IEEE 802.11 standard to approve for WLAN, which specifies the data transfer rate of 1 to 2 megabits per second (Mbps). Under 802.11b, which became the new standard are dominant today, data is transferred at a maximum speed of 11 Mbps over a frequency of 2.4 gigahertz (GHz). Other newer standard is 802.11a, which specifies the data transfer at a maximum speed of 54 Mbps over the 5 GHz frequency.
Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
WPAN technology allows users to build a wireless network (ad hoc) for simple devices, such as PDAs, cell phones or laptops. It can be used in the personal operating space (personal operating space or POS). A POS is a space that is around people, and can reach a distance of about 10 meters. Currently, two of the key WPAN technologies are Bluetooth and infrared light. Bluetooth is a cable replacement technology that uses radio waves to transmit data up to a distance of about 30 feet. Bluetooth Data can be transmitted through walls, pocket or purse. Bluetooth technology is driven by a body called the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which publishes the Bluetooth specification version 1.0 in 1999 another alternative way to connect devices in very close proximity (1 meter or less), then the user can use infrared light. To standardize the development of technology WPAN, IEEE 802.15 working group has built for WPAN. The working group made ​​a WPAN standard, which is based on the Bluetooth specification version 1.0. The main purpose of this standardization is to reduce complexity, low power consumption, interoperability and coexistence with 802.11 networks.